Which device examines all data and limits the data scope by sender/receiver?

• A. hub
• B. bridge
• C. WAN
• D. router

Answer: (D)

The idea is how devices decide which data to forward and who can access it. A hub blindly repeats every incoming signal to all ports, so nothing is filtered by sender or receiver. A bridge segments the network and forwards frames based on MAC addresses, which reduces traffic between segments but doesn’t inspect IP-level data or enforce sender/receiver restrictions across networks. A WAN is a type of network, not a single device. A router looks at the IP header to determine the next hop toward the destination and can enforce rules that restrict traffic by source or destination. That combination of inspecting packet headers and applying access controls is why the router best fits examining data and limiting the data scope by sender/receiver.